The World Trade Organization (WTO) has published a report on blockchain technology’s impact on international trade. According to the study, blockchain’s economic importance on a worldwide perspective could reach almost $3 trillion by 2030.
The report was entitled “Blockchain and International Trade: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications for International Trade Cooperation.” It analyzes the blockchain applications and challenges that must be considered before the technology’s deployment in various sectors.
The study considers the technology’s effect on industries like trade finance, customs clearance, logistics, and transportations.
It also estimates that the blockchain has the potential to significantly cut the trade costs by increasing transparency and facilitating processes automation, including financial intermediation, exchange rate costs, coordination, and other aspects.
“The removal of barriers due to blockchain could result in more than $1 trillion of new trade in the next decade,” according to the report.
The blockchain technology is seen to help administer intellectual property right across multiple jurisdictions by delivering more transparency and efficiency, as well as enhance government procurement processes, including fighting fraud and managing public contracts.
Blockchain reportedly could improve supply chains, enabling the tracking of shipments and proving their authenticity. In addition to that, the technology could open new opportunities to micro, small, and medium-sized companies.
On the other hand, the study also cautions of the challenges that must be addressed before utilizing the blockchain technology as well as its impact on international trade. The researchers point out the limited scalability of blockchains due to the predetermined size of blocks, in addition to energy consumption and security issues.
Even though blockchains are “highly resilient compared to conventional databases due to their decentralized and distributed nature and the use of cryptographic techniques, they are not completely immune from traditional security challenges,” the study said.
The reports emphasize the importance of developing a multi-stakeholder approach in order to find appropriate use cases on overseas and cross-border trade.
According to the WTO, blockchain requires frameworks that ensure the interoperability of networks and provide clear legal status for blockchain transactions across jurisdictions.
“Blockchain could make international trade smarter, but smart trade requires smart standardization – and smart standardization can only happen through cooperation. If we succeed in creating an ecosystem conducive to the wider development of blockchain, international trade could well look radically different in ten to 15 years,” concludes the WTO report.
Earlier this week, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin said that the misapplication of blockchain technology in some industries leads to “wasted time.” Buterin said that although there are a number of companies that try to establish higher standards by using blockchain technology, he does not believe that the technology is applicable in every kind of industry.
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